Executive Dysfunction: A Feature of Many Conditions

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Usually when executive dysfunction (EDF) is discussed online, it’s usually in reference to ADHD, autism or sometimes brain injury. However, many conditions beyond these have notable, and even significant, EDF components.

In fact, one reason Executive Dysfunction Research & Advocacy was started was to try to bring together those who deal with EDF across many different diagnoses. So, its only right that we make a list to “shout out” all those conditions which are included!

Note: different conditions will have different profiles of executive dysfunction, and people within the same diagnoses can have different EDF profiles as well. In fact, in some cases (and probably many more than the research has discovered so far), EDF profile groupings can cut across diagnostic groups.

Conditions which include EDF

This list will be continually updated as we find more conditions that have had research-confirmed executive dysfunction. Some have only a little research done, or only a small amount of EDF involved, while others have tens of thousands of papers on the topic. Different conditions (and different people within those conditions) will have different EF profiles, so these lists are not meant to suggest that these groups will deal with the same kinds of EDF difficulties.

And, if you know of anything we missed, please leave a comment below!

Most significant impairments (or are the most studied):

A note on how these are categorized: There are no clear definitions (but much controversy) of what conditions should be categorized as what, so this list is basically based off of googling to see what is often put where only, and doesn’t claim to represent true classifications of all of them.

Neurodivergent Conditions:

Other conditions which also involve EDF (though less, or less frequently studied):

Again, we’d love to hear from you if you know of others that should be added!

Google Scholar Links 1/24/20

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Here are this week’s top 10 articles from our EF Google Scholar alerts!

  1. A cognitive control framework for understanding emotion regulation flexibility (2020)
  2. Developing an Executive Functioning Composite Score for Research and Clinical Trials (2020)
  3. Developmental Divergence of Structural Brain Networks as an Indicator of Future Cognitive Impairments in Childhood Brain Injury: Executive Functions (2020)
  4. Emotion regulation in early childhood: Implications for socioemotional and academic components of school readiness (2020)
  5. False‐Belief Understanding (2020)
  6. Impulsivity in Adolescence: Predictors and Consequences (2020)
  7. Inflammatory Biomarkers, Microbiome, Depression, and Executive Dysfunction in Alcohol Users (2020)
  8. Is cathodal prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation capable of affecting inhibitory control and sustained attention? A single-blind, crossover, sham-controlled study (2020)
  9. Neural substrates of Chinese lexical production: The role of domain-general cognitive functions (2020)
  10. Self‐Regulation (2020)

Google Scholar Links 1/17/20

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Here are this week’s top 10 articles from our EF Google Scholar alerts!

  1. An examination of the neurocognitive profile and base rate of performance impairment in primary dystonia (2020)
  2. Between- and within-person contributions of simple reaction time to executive function skills in early childhood (2020)
  3. Cannabis use is associated with sexually dimorphic changes in executive control of visuospatial decision-making (2020)
  4. Computer-Assisted Learning for Improving ADHD Individuals’ Executive Functions Through Gamified Interventions: A Review (2020)
  5. Neighborhood poverty predicts altered neural and behavioral response inhibition (2020)
  6. Neural Signatures of Working Memory in Age-related Hearing Loss (2020)
  7. Supporting Young Children’s Executive Function Skills Through Mindfulness: Implications for School Counselors (2020)
  8. The impact of cancer treatment on cognitive efficiency: Chemobrain – does it exist? (2020)
  9. Treatment of Executive Function Deficits in Autism Spectrum Disorder with Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A double-blind, sham-controlled, pilot trial (2020)
  10. Using Neuroscience to Augment Behavioral Interventions for Depression (2020)

Google Scholar Links 1/03/20

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Here are this week’s top 12 articles from our EF Google Scholar alerts!

  1. Cognitive reserve predicts future executive function decline in older adults with Alzheimer’s Disease pathology but not age-associated pathology (2020)
  2. Comparison of cognitive auditory event related potentials and executive functions in adolescent athletes and non-athletes – A cross sectional study (2019)
  3. Comparison of the Effects of Continuous and Intermittent Exercise on Cerebral Oxygenation and Cognitive Function (2020)
  4. Determining Whether Tennis Benefits the Updating Function in Young Children: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study (2020)
  5. Does objectively-assessed sleep moderate the association between history of major depressive disorder and task-switching? (2020)
  6. Executive Functions Assessment in Adult Patients with Idiopathic Epilepsy (2020)
  7. Executive Function and Trajectories of Emotion Dysregulation in Children with Parent-Reported Behavior Problems (2020)
  8. Metacognitive impairment in patients with episodic and chronic migraine (2020)
  9. Relationships Among Executive Dysfunction, Constructive Worrying, and Worry Responses in Older Adults (2020)
  10. Repeated stimulation of the dorsolateral-prefrontal cortex improves executive dysfunctions and craving in drug addiction: A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study (2020)
  11. The Development of Academic Achievement and Cognitive Abilities: A Bidirectional Perspective (2020)
  12. The effects of coding on children’s planning and inhibition skills (2020)

Google Scholar Links 11/29/19

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Here are this week’s top 11 articles from our EF Google Scholar alerts!

  1. Altered frontal white matter microstructure is associated with working memory impairments in adolescents with congenital heart disease: A diffusion tensor imaging study (2020)
  2. Association of MTHFR genotypes and executive functions in patients with the first-episode psychosis (2019)
  3. Association of sleep spindle characteristics with executive functioning in healthy sedentary middle-aged and older adults (2019)
  4. Do ADHD symptoms and insomnia interact to predict impaired executive functioning? (2019)
  5. Effects of stress on the structure and function of the medial prefrontal cortex: Insights from animal models (2019)
  6. Executive functions and emotional processing deficits among synthetic cannabinoids users (2019)
  7. Gender differences in the effects of sleep disordered breathing in children on blood pressure, sleep, quality of life, executive function and behaviour (2019)
  8. Inhibition of ganglioside synthesis protects against experimental parkinsonism and executive dysfunction (2020)
  9. Prominence marking in parkinsonian speech and its correlation with motor performance and cognitive abilities (2020)
  10. Relation between vitamin D level and severity, symptomatology and cognitive dysfunction of major depressive disorder—A sample of Egyptian patients (2020)
  11. Task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging activations in patients with acute and subacute mild traumatic brain injury: A coordinate-based meta-analysis (2020)