Executive Dysfunction: A Feature of Many Conditions

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Usually when executive dysfunction (EDF) is discussed online, it’s usually in reference to ADHD, autism or sometimes brain injury. However, many conditions beyond these have notable, and even significant, EDF components.

In fact, one reason Executive Dysfunction Research & Advocacy was started was to try to bring together those who deal with EDF across many different diagnoses. So, its only right that we make a list to “shout out” all those conditions which are included!

Note: different conditions will have different profiles of executive dysfunction, and people within the same diagnoses can have different EDF profiles as well. In fact, in some cases (and probably many more than the research has discovered so far), EDF profile groupings can cut across diagnostic groups.

Conditions which include EDF

This list will be continually updated as we find more conditions that have had research-confirmed executive dysfunction. Some have only a little research done, or only a small amount of EDF involved, while others have tens of thousands of papers on the topic. Different conditions (and different people within those conditions) will have different EF profiles, so these lists are not meant to suggest that these groups will deal with the same kinds of EDF difficulties.

And, if you know of anything we missed, please leave a comment below!

Most significant impairments (or are the most studied):

A note on how these are categorized: There are no clear definitions (but much controversy) of what conditions should be categorized as what, so this list is basically based off of googling to see what is often put where only, and doesn’t claim to represent true classifications of all of them.

Neurodivergent Conditions:

Other conditions which also involve EDF (though less, or less frequently studied):

Again, we’d love to hear from you if you know of others that should be added!

Google Scholar Links 1/03/20

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Here are this week’s top 12 articles from our EF Google Scholar alerts!

  1. Cognitive reserve predicts future executive function decline in older adults with Alzheimer’s Disease pathology but not age-associated pathology (2020)
  2. Comparison of cognitive auditory event related potentials and executive functions in adolescent athletes and non-athletes – A cross sectional study (2019)
  3. Comparison of the Effects of Continuous and Intermittent Exercise on Cerebral Oxygenation and Cognitive Function (2020)
  4. Determining Whether Tennis Benefits the Updating Function in Young Children: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study (2020)
  5. Does objectively-assessed sleep moderate the association between history of major depressive disorder and task-switching? (2020)
  6. Executive Functions Assessment in Adult Patients with Idiopathic Epilepsy (2020)
  7. Executive Function and Trajectories of Emotion Dysregulation in Children with Parent-Reported Behavior Problems (2020)
  8. Metacognitive impairment in patients with episodic and chronic migraine (2020)
  9. Relationships Among Executive Dysfunction, Constructive Worrying, and Worry Responses in Older Adults (2020)
  10. Repeated stimulation of the dorsolateral-prefrontal cortex improves executive dysfunctions and craving in drug addiction: A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study (2020)
  11. The Development of Academic Achievement and Cognitive Abilities: A Bidirectional Perspective (2020)
  12. The effects of coding on children’s planning and inhibition skills (2020)

Google Scholar Links 12/20/19

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Here are this week’s top 12 articles from our EF Google Scholar alerts!

  1. A meta-analysis of the associations between theory of mind and neurocognition in schizophrenia (2019)
  2. Can Multifactorial Cognitive Training Slow Down the Cognitive Decline in Early Alzheimer Patients? (2019)
  3. Cognitive flexibility and response inhibition in patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (2019)
  4. Failures of executive function when at a height: Negative height-related appraisals are associated with poor executive function during a virtual height stressor (2019)
  5. Increasing Extrinsic Motivation Improves Time-Based Prospective Memory in Adults with Autism: Relations with Executive Functioning and Mentalizing (2019)
  6. Patterns, Mathematics, Early Literacy, and Executive Functions (2019)
  7. Rethinking executive function development (2019)
  8. The Examination of the Classroom Accommodations to Address Executive Functioning Issues for a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder in an Inclusive Classroom Setting: A Case Study (2019)
  9. The Impact Of Social Robots Intervention On Improving The Executive Functions In Children With Autism Disorder (2019, Only the abstract is in English)
  10. The Relationship Between Executive Function And Fine Motor Skills In 2-Year-Old Children (2019)
  11. Theory of Mind and Language in Childhood Epilepsy (2019)
  12. Walking, talking, and suppressing: executive functioning mediates the relationship between higher expressive suppression and slower dual-task walking among older adults (2019)